【新人处女帖 求顶】低速永磁同步发电机设计效率问题求助！！

shalwii

RMxprt设计海流发电用低速永磁同步发电机，一般效率要求90%以上。但我试过调整铁心材料，铁心长度，叠压系数，极弧系数，磁钢厚度，气隙大小，线径。效率始终没有很大变化，最高就86.3%，铁耗依然很大。现上传设计清单， 麻烦各位大神帮忙看看是什么问题？怎么降低铁耗提高效率？？调了几天都提高不了，心好累yc_face67  求指点，先谢谢各位前辈了yc_face65

PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR DESIGN

                      File: Setup1.res


     GENERAL DATA

Rated Output Power (kW):        0.208
Rated Power Factor:        0.9
Power Factor Type:        Inductive
Rated Voltage (V):        63.7
Number of Poles:        16
Frequency (Hz):        26.6667
Frictional Loss (W):        2
Windage Loss (W):        2
Rotor Position:        Inner
Operating Temperature (C):        75
Type of Circuit:        Y3
Operation Type:        Individual Machine
Domain:        Time


     STATOR DATA

Number of Stator Slots:        144
Outer Diameter of Stator (mm):          210
Inner Diameter of Stator (mm):          166

Type of Stator Slot:        2
Stator Slot       
            hs0 (mm):          1
            hs1 (mm):          2
            hs2 (mm):          4
            bs0 (mm):          0.8
            bs1 (mm):          2
            bs2 (mm):          2.4
Top Tooth Width (mm):          1.75259
Bottom Tooth Width (mm):          1.52721
Skew Width (Number of Slots):        0

Length of Stator Core (mm):          280
Stacking Factor of Stator Core:        0.95
Type of Steel:        DW310_35
Designed Wedge Thickness (mm):          4
Slot Insulation Thickness (mm):          0.2
Layer Insulation Thickness (mm):          0.2
End Length Adjustment (mm):          2
Number of Parallel Branches:        4
Number of Conductors per Slot:        9
Type of Coils:        21
Average Coil Pitch:        9
Number of Wires per Conductor:        8
Wire Diameter (mm):          0.19
Wire Wrap Thickness (mm):          0.1
Slot Area (mm^2):        14.6619
Net Slot Area (mm^2):        4.06697
Limited Slot Fill Factor (%):        80
Stator Slot Fill Factor (%):        148.887
**** Warning - Result is Unfeasable ****
Coil Half-Turn Length (mm):          330.332


     ROTOR DATA

Minimum Air Gap (mm):          1
Inner Diameter (mm):          136
Length of Rotor (mm):          280
Stacking Factor of Iron Core:        0.95
Type of Steel:        DW310_35
Polar Arc Radius (mm):          82
Mechanical Pole Embrace:        0.8
Electrical Pole Embrace:        0.787408
Max. Thickness of Magnet (mm):          7
Width of Magnet (mm):          24.6615
Type of Magnet:        NdFe35
Type of Rotor:        1
Magnetic Shaft:        No


     PERMANENT MAGNET DATA

Residual Flux Density (Tesla):        1.23
Coercive Force (kA/m):        890
Maximum Energy Density (kJ/m^3):        273.675
Relative Recoil Permeability:        1.09981
Demagnetized Flux Density (Tesla):        0.936839
Recoil Residual Flux Density (Tesla):        1.23
Recoil Coercive Force (kA/m):        890

     MATERIAL CONSUMPTION

Armature Copper Density (kg/m^3):          8900
Permanent Magnet Density (kg/m^3):          7400
Armature Core Steel Density (kg/m^3):          7650
Rotor Core Steel Density (kg/m^3):          7650

Armature Copper Weight (kg):          0.864236
Permanent Magnet Weight (kg):          5.72305
Armature Core Steel Weight (kg):          22.1444
Rotor Core Steel Weight (kg):          6.39922
Total Net Weight (kg):          35.1309

Armature Core Steel Consumption (kg):          54.909
Rotor Core Steel Consumption (kg):          37.4124


     STEADY STATE PARAMETERS

Stator Winding Factor:        0.959795
D-Axis Reactive Reactance Xad (ohm):        0.048569
Q-Axis Reactive Reactance Xaq (ohm):        0.048569
D-Axis Reactance X1+Xad (ohm):        0.118492
Q-Axis Reactance X1+Xaq (ohm):        0.118492
Armature Leakage Reactance X1 (ohm):        0.0699226
Zero-Sequence Reactance X0 (ohm):        0.0699226
Armature Phase Resistance R1 (ohm):        0.85327
Armature Phase Resistance at 20C (ohm):        0.701884


     NO-LOAD MAGNETIC DATA

Stator-Teeth Flux Density (Tesla):        2.18532
Stator-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla):        0.892835
Rotor-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla):        1.81118
Air-Gap Flux Density (Tesla):        0.931932
Magnet Flux Density (Tesla):        0.992393

Stator-Teeth By-Pass Factor:        0.0509064
Stator-Yoke By-Pass Factor:        7.33615e-006
Rotor-Yoke By-Pass Factor:        0.000506901

Stator-Teeth Ampere Turns (A.T):        386.686
Stator-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T):        1.42743
Rotor-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T):        37.3335
Air-Gap Ampere Turns (A.T):        777.555
Magnet Ampere Turns (A.T):        -1203.49

Leakage-Flux Factor:        1
Correction Factor for Magnetic
  Circuit Length of Stator Yoke:        0.751198
Correction Factor for Magnetic
  Circuit Length of Roor Yoke:        0.226205

Fundamental Induced RMS Line Voltage (V):        68.725
THD of Induced Voltage (%):        1.67446
Cogging Torque (N.m):        1.27209


     FULL-LOAD DATA

Load Resistance (ohm):        15.8007
Load Inductance (H):        0.0456732
Load Line Voltage (V):        65.6727

RMS Line Current (A):        2.15203
RMS Phase Current (A):        2.15203
RMS Phase Voltage (V):        38.2466
Armature Thermal Load (A^2/mm^3):        3.1713
Specific Electric Loading (A/mm):        1.33701
Armature Current Density (A/mm^2):        2.37193
Frictional and Windage Loss (W):        4
Iron-Core Loss (W):        16.5757
Armature Copper Loss (W):        11.8551
Total Loss (W):        32.4309
Output Power (W):        203.897
Input Power (W):        236.328
Efficiency (%):        86.2772

Apparent Power (VA):        246.924
Power Factor:        0.825749

Synchronous Speed (rpm):        200
Rated Torque (N.m):        11.2838

Short Circuit Current (A):        46.0353


     WINDING ARRANGEMENT

The 3-phase, 2-layer winding can be arranged in 18 slots as below:

AAAZZZBBBXXXCCCYYY


Angle per slot (elec. degrees):        20
Phase-A axis (elec. degrees):        110
First slot center (elec. degrees):        0



     TRANSIENT FEA INPUT DATA

For Armature Winding:
  Number of Turns:        216
  Parallel Branches:        4
  Terminal Resistance (ohm):        0.85327
  End Leakage Inductance (H):        1.01419e-005
2D Equivalent Value:
  Equivalent Model Depth (mm):        280
  Equivalent Stator Stacking Factor:        0.95
  Equivalent Rotor Stacking Factor:        0.95
  Equivalent Br (Tesla):        1.23
  Equivalent Hc (kA/m):        890
Estimated Rotor Inertia (kg m^2):        0.155106

Nephology

清单上的一大片数据都是不合理的，你把效率调到90%有什么意义。

hhbhhy

磁通密度偏高了吧。

薰风习习

LZ,电机设计里非常重要的一个参数叫裂比

你的裂比取得比较大，所以导致磁路不合理，磁密太大等

shalwii

根据大家的建议，改了一下。大神们，再帮忙看看yc_face65

PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR DESIGN

                      File: Setup1.res


     GENERAL DATA

Rated Output Power (kW):        0.208
Rated Power Factor:        0.9
Power Factor Type:        Inductive
Rated Voltage (V):        63.7
Number of Poles:        16
Frequency (Hz):        26.6667
Frictional Loss (W):        2
Windage Loss (W):        2
Rotor Position:        Inner
Operating Temperature (C):        75
Type of Circuit:        Y3
Operation Type:        Individual Machine
Domain:        Time


     STATOR DATA

Number of Stator Slots:        144
Outer Diameter of Stator (mm):          205
Inner Diameter of Stator (mm):          166

Type of Stator Slot:        2
Stator Slot       
            hs0 (mm):          1
            hs1 (mm):          2.8
            hs2 (mm):          6.5
            bs0 (mm):          0.8
            bs1 (mm):          1.3
            bs2 (mm):          1.9
Top Tooth Width (mm):          2.48733
Bottom Tooth Width (mm):          2.17107
Skew Width (Number of Slots):        0

Length of Stator Core (mm):          280
Stacking Factor of Stator Core:        0.95
Type of Steel:        DW310_35
Designed Wedge Thickness (mm):          2.49796
Slot Insulation Thickness (mm):          0.2
Layer Insulation Thickness (mm):          0
End Length Adjustment (mm):          2
Number of Parallel Branches:        4
Number of Conductors per Slot:        9
Type of Coils:        11
Average Coil Pitch:        7.66667
Number of Wires per Conductor:        8
Wire Diameter (mm):          0.2
Wire Wrap Thickness (mm):          0.1
Slot Area (mm^2):        15.5576
Net Slot Area (mm^2):        8.38276
Limited Slot Fill Factor (%):        80
Stator Slot Fill Factor (%):        77.3015
Coil Half-Turn Length (mm):          323.05


     ROTOR DATA

Minimum Air Gap (mm):          0.8
Inner Diameter (mm):          131
Length of Rotor (mm):          280
Stacking Factor of Iron Core:        0.95
Type of Steel:        DW310_35
Polar Arc Radius (mm):          82.2
Mechanical Pole Embrace:        0.8
Electrical Pole Embrace:        0.789731
Max. Thickness of Magnet (mm):          8
Width of Magnet (mm):          24.5673
Type of Magnet:        NdFe35
Type of Rotor:        1
Magnetic Shaft:        No


     PERMANENT MAGNET DATA

Residual Flux Density (Tesla):        1.23
Coercive Force (kA/m):        890
Maximum Energy Density (kJ/m^3):        273.675
Relative Recoil Permeability:        1.09981
Demagnetized Flux Density (Tesla):        1.03233
Recoil Residual Flux Density (Tesla):        1.23
Recoil Coercive Force (kA/m):        890

     MATERIAL CONSUMPTION

Armature Copper Density (kg/m^3):          8900
Permanent Magnet Density (kg/m^3):          7400
Armature Core Steel Density (kg/m^3):          7650
Rotor Core Steel Density (kg/m^3):          7650

Armature Copper Weight (kg):          0.936494
Permanent Magnet Weight (kg):          6.51563
Armature Core Steel Weight (kg):          18.5657
Rotor Core Steel Weight (kg):          7.76978
Total Net Weight (kg):          33.7876

Armature Core Steel Consumption (kg):          51.4039
Rotor Core Steel Consumption (kg):          36.634


     STEADY STATE PARAMETERS

Stator Winding Factor:        0.959795
D-Axis Reactive Reactance Xad (ohm):        0.043865
Q-Axis Reactive Reactance Xaq (ohm):        0.043865
D-Axis Reactance X1+Xad (ohm):        0.134252
Q-Axis Reactance X1+Xaq (ohm):        0.134252
Armature Leakage Reactance X1 (ohm):        0.0903869
Zero-Sequence Reactance X0 (ohm):        0.0903869
Armature Phase Resistance R1 (ohm):        0.753102
Armature Phase Resistance at 20C (ohm):        0.619487


     NO-LOAD MAGNETIC DATA

Stator-Teeth Flux Density (Tesla):        1.69127
Stator-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla):        1.63167
Rotor-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla):        1.60666
Air-Gap Flux Density (Tesla):        1.0259
Magnet Flux Density (Tesla):        1.09509

Stator-Teeth By-Pass Factor:        0.00352157
Stator-Yoke By-Pass Factor:        0.000198033
Rotor-Yoke By-Pass Factor:        0.000158294

Stator-Teeth Ampere Turns (A.T):        58.7403
Stator-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T):        20.3103
Rotor-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T):        12.0364
Air-Gap Ampere Turns (A.T):        689.328
Magnet Ampere Turns (A.T):        -780.923

Leakage-Flux Factor:        1
Correction Factor for Magnetic
  Circuit Length of Stator Yoke:        0.234752
Correction Factor for Magnetic
  Circuit Length of Roor Yoke:        0.239039

Fundamental Induced RMS Line Voltage (V):        75.8129
THD of Induced Voltage (%):        2.01353
Cogging Torque (N.m):        2.19736


     FULL-LOAD DATA

Load Resistance (ohm):        15.8007
Load Inductance (H):        0.0456732
Load Line Voltage (V):        72.7768

RMS Line Current (A):        2.38468
RMS Phase Current (A):        2.38468
RMS Phase Voltage (V):        42.402
Armature Thermal Load (A^2/mm^3):        3.51437
Specific Electric Loading (A/mm):        1.48155
Armature Current Density (A/mm^2):        2.37208
Frictional and Windage Loss (W):        4
Iron-Core Loss (W):        27.242
Armature Copper Loss (W):        12.848
Total Loss (W):        44.0899
Output Power (W):        243.481
Input Power (W):        287.571
Efficiency (%):        84.6681

Apparent Power (VA):        303.346
Power Factor:        0.80265

Synchronous Speed (rpm):        200
Rated Torque (N.m):        13.7305

Short Circuit Current (A):        57.142


     WINDING ARRANGEMENT

The 3-phase, 1-layer winding can be arranged in 18 slots as below:

AAAZZZBBBXXXCCCYYY

Average coil pitch is:        7.66667

Angle per slot (elec. degrees):        20
Phase-A axis (elec. degrees):        110
First slot center (elec. degrees):        0



     TRANSIENT FEA INPUT DATA

For Armature Winding:
  Number of Turns:        216
  Parallel Branches:        4
  Terminal Resistance (ohm):        0.753102
  End Leakage Inductance (H):        2.00059e-005
2D Equivalent Value:
  Equivalent Model Depth (mm):        280
  Equivalent Stator Stacking Factor:        0.95
  Equivalent Rotor Stacking Factor:        0.95
  Equivalent Br (Tesla):        1.23
  Equivalent Hc (kA/m):        890
Estimated Rotor Inertia (kg m^2):        0.156625

shalwii

Nephology 发表于 2016-8-9 18:25
清单上的一大片数据都是不合理的，你把效率调到90%有什么意义。

大神，改了一下，再帮忙看看好嘛？yc_face62

开关磁阻

30几kG的一个永磁电机输出200多瓦，你这功率密度不是一般的高

254339861

一句话：就是为了数据而凑数据，不是电机设计

maxmotor

能不能放主要的数据，全部复制上来看起啦好累

酒香

空载气隙磁密还是太高了，要减一半。

shalwii

254339861 发表于 2016-8-11 09:16
一句话：就是为了数据而凑数据，不是电机设计

yc_face9 刚开始，不太懂。

amlibin

没事多看看书，在来吧

Nephology

酒香 发表于 2016-8-11 09:50
空载气隙磁密还是太高了，要减一半。

减半太小了，一般0.7T左右一点点就可以。

Nephology

建议买本我老师的现代永磁电机理论与设计书，书后面每种电机都有一个算例取值，这个清单上面的部分值（不同电机很多值是不一样的仅供参考）和他那个进行比较，而且上面有每个值对应的公式是什么，怎么来来的都有解释。看完了这书再来调这个RM发帖问。

shalwii

唐大大的学生？？厉害！！