【新人处女帖 求顶】低速永磁同步发电机设计效率问题求助！！
本帖最后由 shalwii 于 2016-8-9 16:59 编辑RMxprt设计海流发电用低速永磁同步发电机，一般效率要求90%以上。但我试过调整铁心材料，铁心长度，叠压系数，极弧系数，磁钢厚度，气隙大小，线径。效率始终没有很大变化，最高就86.3%，铁耗依然很大。现上传设计清单， 麻烦各位大神帮忙看看是什么问题？怎么降低铁耗提高效率？？调了几天都提高不了，心好累yc_face67求指点，先谢谢各位前辈了yc_face65
PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR DESIGN
File: Setup1.res
GENERAL DATA
Rated Output Power (kW): 0.208
Rated Power Factor: 0.9
Power Factor Type: Inductive
Rated Voltage (V): 63.7
Number of Poles: 16
Frequency (Hz): 26.6667
Frictional Loss (W): 2
Windage Loss (W): 2
Rotor Position: Inner
Operating Temperature (C): 75
Type of Circuit: Y3
Operation Type: Individual Machine
Domain: Time
STATOR DATA
Number of Stator Slots: 144
Outer Diameter of Stator (mm): 210
Inner Diameter of Stator (mm): 166
Type of Stator Slot: 2
Stator Slot
hs0 (mm): 1
hs1 (mm): 2
hs2 (mm): 4
bs0 (mm): 0.8
bs1 (mm): 2
bs2 (mm): 2.4
Top Tooth Width (mm): 1.75259
Bottom Tooth Width (mm): 1.52721
Skew Width (Number of Slots): 0
Length of Stator Core (mm): 280
Stacking Factor of Stator Core: 0.95
Type of Steel: DW310_35
Designed Wedge Thickness (mm): 4
Slot Insulation Thickness (mm): 0.2
Layer Insulation Thickness (mm): 0.2
End Length Adjustment (mm): 2
Number of Parallel Branches: 4
Number of Conductors per Slot: 9
Type of Coils: 21
Average Coil Pitch: 9
Number of Wires per Conductor: 8
Wire Diameter (mm): 0.19
Wire Wrap Thickness (mm): 0.1
Slot Area (mm^2): 14.6619
Net Slot Area (mm^2): 4.06697
Limited Slot Fill Factor (%): 80
Stator Slot Fill Factor (%): 148.887
**** Warning - Result is Unfeasable ****
Coil Half-Turn Length (mm): 330.332
ROTOR DATA
Minimum Air Gap (mm): 1
Inner Diameter (mm): 136
Length of Rotor (mm): 280
Stacking Factor of Iron Core: 0.95
Type of Steel: DW310_35
Polar Arc Radius (mm): 82
Mechanical Pole Embrace: 0.8
Electrical Pole Embrace: 0.787408
Max. Thickness of Magnet (mm): 7
Width of Magnet (mm): 24.6615
Type of Magnet: NdFe35
Type of Rotor: 1
Magnetic Shaft: No
PERMANENT MAGNET DATA
Residual Flux Density (Tesla): 1.23
Coercive Force (kA/m): 890
Maximum Energy Density (kJ/m^3): 273.675
Relative Recoil Permeability: 1.09981
Demagnetized Flux Density (Tesla): 0.936839
Recoil Residual Flux Density (Tesla): 1.23
Recoil Coercive Force (kA/m): 890
MATERIAL CONSUMPTION
Armature Copper Density (kg/m^3): 8900
Permanent Magnet Density (kg/m^3): 7400
Armature Core Steel Density (kg/m^3): 7650
Rotor Core Steel Density (kg/m^3): 7650
Armature Copper Weight (kg): 0.864236
Permanent Magnet Weight (kg): 5.72305
Armature Core Steel Weight (kg): 22.1444
Rotor Core Steel Weight (kg): 6.39922
Total Net Weight (kg): 35.1309
Armature Core Steel Consumption (kg): 54.909
Rotor Core Steel Consumption (kg): 37.4124
STEADY STATE PARAMETERS
Stator Winding Factor: 0.959795
D-Axis Reactive Reactance Xad (ohm): 0.048569
Q-Axis Reactive Reactance Xaq (ohm): 0.048569
D-Axis Reactance X1+Xad (ohm): 0.118492
Q-Axis Reactance X1+Xaq (ohm): 0.118492
Armature Leakage Reactance X1 (ohm): 0.0699226
Zero-Sequence Reactance X0 (ohm): 0.0699226
Armature Phase Resistance R1 (ohm): 0.85327
Armature Phase Resistance at 20C (ohm): 0.701884
NO-LOAD MAGNETIC DATA
Stator-Teeth Flux Density (Tesla): 2.18532
Stator-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla): 0.892835
Rotor-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla): 1.81118
Air-Gap Flux Density (Tesla): 0.931932
Magnet Flux Density (Tesla): 0.992393
Stator-Teeth By-Pass Factor: 0.0509064
Stator-Yoke By-Pass Factor: 7.33615e-006
Rotor-Yoke By-Pass Factor: 0.000506901
Stator-Teeth Ampere Turns (A.T): 386.686
Stator-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T): 1.42743
Rotor-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T): 37.3335
Air-Gap Ampere Turns (A.T): 777.555
Magnet Ampere Turns (A.T): -1203.49
Leakage-Flux Factor: 1
Correction Factor for Magnetic
Circuit Length of Stator Yoke: 0.751198
Correction Factor for Magnetic
Circuit Length of Roor Yoke: 0.226205
Fundamental Induced RMS Line Voltage (V): 68.725
THD of Induced Voltage (%): 1.67446
Cogging Torque (N.m): 1.27209
FULL-LOAD DATA
Load Resistance (ohm): 15.8007
Load Inductance (H): 0.0456732
Load Line Voltage (V): 65.6727
RMS Line Current (A): 2.15203
RMS Phase Current (A): 2.15203
RMS Phase Voltage (V): 38.2466
Armature Thermal Load (A^2/mm^3): 3.1713
Specific Electric Loading (A/mm): 1.33701
Armature Current Density (A/mm^2): 2.37193
Frictional and Windage Loss (W): 4
Iron-Core Loss (W): 16.5757
Armature Copper Loss (W): 11.8551
Total Loss (W): 32.4309
Output Power (W): 203.897
Input Power (W): 236.328
Efficiency (%): 86.2772
Apparent Power (VA): 246.924
Power Factor: 0.825749
Synchronous Speed (rpm): 200
Rated Torque (N.m): 11.2838
Short Circuit Current (A): 46.0353
WINDING ARRANGEMENT
The 3-phase, 2-layer winding can be arranged in 18 slots as below:
AAAZZZBBBXXXCCCYYY
Angle per slot (elec. degrees): 20
Phase-A axis (elec. degrees): 110
First slot center (elec. degrees): 0
TRANSIENT FEA INPUT DATA
For Armature Winding:
Number of Turns: 216
Parallel Branches: 4
Terminal Resistance (ohm): 0.85327
End Leakage Inductance (H): 1.01419e-005
2D Equivalent Value:
Equivalent Model Depth (mm): 280
Equivalent Stator Stacking Factor: 0.95
Equivalent Rotor Stacking Factor: 0.95
Equivalent Br (Tesla): 1.23
Equivalent Hc (kA/m): 890
Estimated Rotor Inertia (kg m^2): 0.155106
清单上的一大片数据都是不合理的，你把效率调到90%有什么意义。 磁通密度偏高了吧。 LZ,电机设计里非常重要的一个参数叫裂比
你的裂比取得比较大，所以导致磁路不合理，磁密太大等 根据大家的建议，改了一下。大神们，再帮忙看看yc_face65
PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR DESIGN
File: Setup1.res
GENERAL DATA
Rated Output Power (kW): 0.208
Rated Power Factor: 0.9
Power Factor Type: Inductive
Rated Voltage (V): 63.7
Number of Poles: 16
Frequency (Hz): 26.6667
Frictional Loss (W): 2
Windage Loss (W): 2
Rotor Position: Inner
Operating Temperature (C): 75
Type of Circuit: Y3
Operation Type: Individual Machine
Domain: Time
STATOR DATA
Number of Stator Slots: 144
Outer Diameter of Stator (mm): 205
Inner Diameter of Stator (mm): 166
Type of Stator Slot: 2
Stator Slot
hs0 (mm): 1
hs1 (mm): 2.8
hs2 (mm): 6.5
bs0 (mm): 0.8
bs1 (mm): 1.3
bs2 (mm): 1.9
Top Tooth Width (mm): 2.48733
Bottom Tooth Width (mm): 2.17107
Skew Width (Number of Slots): 0
Length of Stator Core (mm): 280
Stacking Factor of Stator Core: 0.95
Type of Steel: DW310_35
Designed Wedge Thickness (mm): 2.49796
Slot Insulation Thickness (mm): 0.2
Layer Insulation Thickness (mm): 0
End Length Adjustment (mm): 2
Number of Parallel Branches: 4
Number of Conductors per Slot: 9
Type of Coils: 11
Average Coil Pitch: 7.66667
Number of Wires per Conductor: 8
Wire Diameter (mm): 0.2
Wire Wrap Thickness (mm): 0.1
Slot Area (mm^2): 15.5576
Net Slot Area (mm^2): 8.38276
Limited Slot Fill Factor (%): 80
Stator Slot Fill Factor (%): 77.3015
Coil Half-Turn Length (mm): 323.05
ROTOR DATA
Minimum Air Gap (mm): 0.8
Inner Diameter (mm): 131
Length of Rotor (mm): 280
Stacking Factor of Iron Core: 0.95
Type of Steel: DW310_35
Polar Arc Radius (mm): 82.2
Mechanical Pole Embrace: 0.8
Electrical Pole Embrace: 0.789731
Max. Thickness of Magnet (mm): 8
Width of Magnet (mm): 24.5673
Type of Magnet: NdFe35
Type of Rotor: 1
Magnetic Shaft: No
PERMANENT MAGNET DATA
Residual Flux Density (Tesla): 1.23
Coercive Force (kA/m): 890
Maximum Energy Density (kJ/m^3): 273.675
Relative Recoil Permeability: 1.09981
Demagnetized Flux Density (Tesla): 1.03233
Recoil Residual Flux Density (Tesla): 1.23
Recoil Coercive Force (kA/m): 890
MATERIAL CONSUMPTION
Armature Copper Density (kg/m^3): 8900
Permanent Magnet Density (kg/m^3): 7400
Armature Core Steel Density (kg/m^3): 7650
Rotor Core Steel Density (kg/m^3): 7650
Armature Copper Weight (kg): 0.936494
Permanent Magnet Weight (kg): 6.51563
Armature Core Steel Weight (kg): 18.5657
Rotor Core Steel Weight (kg): 7.76978
Total Net Weight (kg): 33.7876
Armature Core Steel Consumption (kg): 51.4039
Rotor Core Steel Consumption (kg): 36.634
STEADY STATE PARAMETERS
Stator Winding Factor: 0.959795
D-Axis Reactive Reactance Xad (ohm): 0.043865
Q-Axis Reactive Reactance Xaq (ohm): 0.043865
D-Axis Reactance X1+Xad (ohm): 0.134252
Q-Axis Reactance X1+Xaq (ohm): 0.134252
Armature Leakage Reactance X1 (ohm): 0.0903869
Zero-Sequence Reactance X0 (ohm): 0.0903869
Armature Phase Resistance R1 (ohm): 0.753102
Armature Phase Resistance at 20C (ohm): 0.619487
NO-LOAD MAGNETIC DATA
Stator-Teeth Flux Density (Tesla): 1.69127
Stator-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla): 1.63167
Rotor-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla): 1.60666
Air-Gap Flux Density (Tesla): 1.0259
Magnet Flux Density (Tesla): 1.09509
Stator-Teeth By-Pass Factor: 0.00352157
Stator-Yoke By-Pass Factor: 0.000198033
Rotor-Yoke By-Pass Factor: 0.000158294
Stator-Teeth Ampere Turns (A.T): 58.7403
Stator-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T): 20.3103
Rotor-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T): 12.0364
Air-Gap Ampere Turns (A.T): 689.328
Magnet Ampere Turns (A.T): -780.923
Leakage-Flux Factor: 1
Correction Factor for Magnetic
Circuit Length of Stator Yoke: 0.234752
Correction Factor for Magnetic
Circuit Length of Roor Yoke: 0.239039
Fundamental Induced RMS Line Voltage (V): 75.8129
THD of Induced Voltage (%): 2.01353
Cogging Torque (N.m): 2.19736
FULL-LOAD DATA
Load Resistance (ohm): 15.8007
Load Inductance (H): 0.0456732
Load Line Voltage (V): 72.7768
RMS Line Current (A): 2.38468
RMS Phase Current (A): 2.38468
RMS Phase Voltage (V): 42.402
Armature Thermal Load (A^2/mm^3): 3.51437
Specific Electric Loading (A/mm): 1.48155
Armature Current Density (A/mm^2): 2.37208
Frictional and Windage Loss (W): 4
Iron-Core Loss (W): 27.242
Armature Copper Loss (W): 12.848
Total Loss (W): 44.0899
Output Power (W): 243.481
Input Power (W): 287.571
Efficiency (%): 84.6681
Apparent Power (VA): 303.346
Power Factor: 0.80265
Synchronous Speed (rpm): 200
Rated Torque (N.m): 13.7305
Short Circuit Current (A): 57.142
WINDING ARRANGEMENT
The 3-phase, 1-layer winding can be arranged in 18 slots as below:
AAAZZZBBBXXXCCCYYY
Average coil pitch is: 7.66667
Angle per slot (elec. degrees): 20
Phase-A axis (elec. degrees): 110
First slot center (elec. degrees): 0
TRANSIENT FEA INPUT DATA
For Armature Winding:
Number of Turns: 216
Parallel Branches: 4
Terminal Resistance (ohm): 0.753102
End Leakage Inductance (H): 2.00059e-005
2D Equivalent Value:
Equivalent Model Depth (mm): 280
Equivalent Stator Stacking Factor: 0.95
Equivalent Rotor Stacking Factor: 0.95
Equivalent Br (Tesla): 1.23
Equivalent Hc (kA/m): 890
Estimated Rotor Inertia (kg m^2): 0.156625
Nephology 发表于 2016-8-9 18:25
清单上的一大片数据都是不合理的，你把效率调到90%有什么意义。
大神，改了一下，再帮忙看看好嘛？yc_face62 30几kG的一个永磁电机输出200多瓦，你这功率密度不是一般的高{:1_556:} 一句话：就是为了数据而凑数据，不是电机设计 能不能放主要的数据，全部复制上来看起啦好累 空载气隙磁密还是太高了，要减一半。
254339861 发表于 2016-8-11 09:16
一句话：就是为了数据而凑数据，不是电机设计
yc_face9 刚开始，不太懂。 没事多看看书，在来吧 酒香 发表于 2016-8-11 09:50
空载气隙磁密还是太高了，要减一半。
减半太小了，一般0.7T左右一点点就可以。 建议买本我老师的现代永磁电机理论与设计书，书后面每种电机都有一个算例取值，这个清单上面的部分值（不同电机很多值是不一样的仅供参考）和他那个进行比较，而且上面有每个值对应的公式是什么，怎么来来的都有解释。看完了这书再来调这个RM发帖问。 唐大大的学生？？厉害！！
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