Ansoft EM专题讨论（四）——单相异步电机设计

hypo_qu · 发表于 2009-1-13 13:45

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本帖最后由 hypo_qu 于 2009-2-21 16:57 编辑

　　今天我发2个单相异步电机的实例，上次的三相是纯V11仿真，因MaxwellV11.1内自带的RM因D版的问题不能很好的做单相异步电机，此问题论坛上出有反映过，所以该算例采用了Ansoft RMxprt V5.0版本与Maxwell V11版进行了简易的联合2D仿真。有许多会员反映论坛上的Ansoft RMxprt V5.0中文版，不能2D建模，出现报错内容“you have must an M2DFS or M3DFS license ti create a maxwel project”，我也遇到了这个问题，可能也是D版的问题吧，我用的是论坛上的一个英文版的Ansoft RMxprt V5.0，它在2D建模时不会出现这个问题。上次我做的三相过程比较的细，因为单相的过程和三相的差不多，我就讲粗一点了，不明白的地方，看一下三相是怎么做的。第一个是RM手册上的例子，一个6极单相异步电机，电压115/60，输出功率270W。

hypo_qu · 发表于 2009-1-13 13:48

本帖最后由 hypo_qu 于 2009-2-23 08:31 编辑

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hypo_qu · 发表于 2009-1-13 13:52

本帖最后由 hypo_qu 于 2009-2-21 17:02 编辑

冲片图
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绕组分布图

hypo_qu · 发表于 2009-1-13 13:53

本帖最后由 hypo_qu 于 2009-2-23 08:33 编辑

性能曲线

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hypo_qu · 发表于 2009-1-13 13:54

Single-Phase Induction Motor Design
File: d:/ansoft/new.pjt/maxwell/default/dx.pjt/dx.res
   GENERAL DATA
Rated Output Power (kW): 0.27
Rated Voltage (V): 115
Number of Poles: 6
Frequency (Hz): 60
Rated Speed (rpm): 1013
Friction and Wind Loss (W): 5.4
Type of Load: Constant Power
Iron Core Length (mm): 44
Stacking Factor of Iron Core: 0.95
Type of Steel: D23-50
Operating Temperature (C): 75
Rotor Position: Inner
Operation mode: Capacitor-Run Mode
Run Capacitance (uF): 6.2674
  & Its Resistance (ohm): 4.23235
Speed-Adjustment mode: No Speed-Adjustment
   STATOR DATA
Number of Stator Slots: 24
Outer Diameter of Stator (mm): 139
Inner Diameter of Stator (mm): 83
Type of Stator Slot: 2
Dimension of Stator Slot
         hs0 (mm): 0.7
         hs1 (mm): 0.6
         hs2 (mm): 14
         bs0 (mm): 2.4
         bs1 (mm): 5.7
         bs2 (mm): 9.6
Top Tooth Width (mm): 5.50501
Bottom Tooth Width (mm): 5.27021
Main    Aux.
Type of Coils: 32       32
Coil Position: Top    Bot
Conductor Length Adjustment (mm): 1       1
Number of Parallel Branches: 1       1
Number of Wires per Conductor: 1       1
Number of Conductors per Slot:
         slot # 1: 45
         slot # 2: 40       227
         slot # 3:          58
Main-Phase Wire Diameter (mm): 0.9116
Aux.-Phase Wire Diameter (mm): 0.3606
Main-Phase Wire Wrap (mm): 0.05
Aux.-Phase Wire Wrap (mm): 0.05
Slot Insulation Thickness (mm): 0.25
   ROTOR DATA
Number of Rotor Slots: 36
Air Gap (mm): 0.43
Inner Diameter of Rotor (mm): 42
Type of Rotor Slot: 1
Dimension of Rotor Slot
         hr0 (mm): 0.45
         hr01 (mm): 0
         hr2 (mm): 8
         br0 (mm): 0.75
         br1 (mm): 3.2
         br2 (mm): 1.8
Cast Rotor: Yes
Number of Vents: 0
Vent Diameter (mm): 0
Vent Location (mm): 0
Skew Width: 0.75
End Length of Bar (mm): 0
Height of End Ring (mm): 8.7
Width of End Ring (mm): 4.5
Bar Resistivity (ohm.mm^2/m): 0.0434
End_Ring Resistivity (ohm.mm^2/m): 0.0434

   MATERIAL CONSUMPTION
Armature Copper Density (kg/m^3): 8900
Rotor Bar Material Density (kg/m^3): 2700
Rotor Ring Material Density (kg/m^3): 2700
Armature Core Steel Density (kg/m^3): 7820
Rotor Core Steel Density (kg/m^3): 7820
Main Winding Copper Weight (kg): 0.595791
Auxiliary Winding Copper Weight (kg): 0.299581
Rotor Bar Material Weight (kg): 0.109523
Rotor Ring Material Weight (kg): 0.0481785
Armature Core Steel Weight (kg): 2.03527
Rotor Core Steel Weight (kg): 0.977918
Total Net Weight (kg): 4.06627
Armature Core Steel Consumption (kg): 4.82253
Rotor Core Steel Consumption (kg): 1.7686
   RATED OPERATION
Main-Phase Resistance (ohm): 3.4101
Aux.-Phase Resistance (ohm): 70.0329
Main Leakage Reactance (ohm): 5.15787
Aux. Leakage Reactance (ohm): 72.1767
Rotor Resistance (ohm): 5.68244
Rotor Leakage Reactance (ohm): 3.54789
Magnetizing Reactance (ohm): 40.7837
Turn Ratio of Aux. to Main-Coil: 2.98172
Stator Line Current (A): 4.84223
Main-Phase Current (A): 4.34347
Aux.-Phase Current (A): 0.687926
Phase Shift between Main
  and Aux. Currents (degrees): 47.7703
Capacitor Voltage (V): 291.154
Capacitor Loss (W): 2.00293
Copper Loss of Stator Winding (W): 97.4765
Copper Loss of Rotor Winding (W): 62.3593
Iron-Core Loss (W): 12.0489
Friction & Wind Loss (W): 5.90153
Total Loss (W): 179.789
Input Power (W): 449.809
Output Power (W): 270.019
Mechanical Shaft Torque (N.m): 2.47115
Efficiency (%): 60.0298
Power Factor: 0.807763
Rated Slip: 0.130469
Rated Shaft Speed (rpm): 1043.44
   NO-LOAD OPERATION
Main Leakage Reactance (ohm): 4.98663
Aux. Leakage Reactance (ohm): 69.9138
Rotor Leakage Reactance (ohm): 3.44746
Magnetizing Reactance (ohm): 38.0408
No-Load Stator Line Current (A): 2.6291
No-Load Main-Phase Current (A): 2.64789
No-Load Aux.-Phase Current (A): 0.953023
Phase Shift between No-Load Main
  and Aux. Currents (degrees): 104.681
No-Load Iron-Core Loss (W): 14.9775
No-Load Input Power (W): 116.547
No-Load Power Factor: 0.385474
No-Load Slip: 0.00254822
No-Load Shaft Speed (rpm): 1196.94
   BREAK-DOWN OPERATION
Break-Down Slip: 0.26
Break-Down Torque (N.m): 2.9448
Break-Down Torque Ratio: 1.19167
   LOCKED-ROTOR OPERATION
Locked-Rotor Torque (N.m): 0.640648
Locked-Rotor Line Current (A): 9.48604
Locked-Rotor Torque Ratio: 0.25925
Locked-Rotor Current Ratio: 1.95902
Locked-Rotor Main-Phase Current (A): 9.63406
Locked-Rotor Aux.-Phase Current (A): 0.340864
Phase Shift between Locked-Rotor Main
  and Aux. Currents (degrees): 117.778
   DETAILED DATA AT RATED OPERATION
Main Slot Leakage Reactance (ohm): 1.90574
Main End-Winding Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 0.706034
Main Differential Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 2.54609
Aux. Slot Leakage Reactance (ohm): 31.1539
Aux. End-Winding Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 7.37645
Aux. Differential Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 33.6464
Rotor Slot Leakage Reactance (ohm): 1.78319
Rotor End-Winding Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 0.241007
Rotor Differential Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 0.956904
Skewing Leakage Reactance (ohm): 0.566787
Main-Phase Winding Factor: 0.862168
Aux.-Phase Winding Factor: 0.766713
Stator-Teeth Flux Density (Tesla): 1.32286
Rotor-Teeth Flux Density (Tesla): 1.30606
Stator-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla): 0.972827
Rotor-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla): 0.981089
Air-Gap Flux Density (Tesla): 0.606799
Stator-Teeth Ampere Turns (A.T): 15.5013
Rotor-Teeth Ampere Turns (A.T): 8.97421
Stator-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T): 8.54772
Rotor-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T): 3.4594
Air-Gap Ampere Turns (A.T): 251.789
Correction Factor for Magnetic
  Circuit Length of Stator Yoke: 0.7
Correction Factor for Magnetic
  Circuit Length of Rotor Yoke: 0.7
Saturation Factor for Teeth: 1.09721
Saturation Factor for Teeth & Yoke: 1.14489
Induced-Voltage Factor: 0.780411
Mean Half-Turn Length of
  Main-Phase Winding (mm): 100.555
Mean Half-Turn Length of
  Aux.-Phase Winding (mm): 96.3734
Main Winding Current Density (A/mm^2): 6.65485
Aux. Winding Current Density (A/mm^2): 6.73598
Specific Electric Loading (A/mm): 26.0134
Mean Stator Thermal Load (A^2/mm^3): 173.847
Fill-Factor Thermal-Load
(%)       (A^2/mm^3)
         Slot # 1 66.129       239.442
         Slot # 2 59.801       203.236
         Slot # 3 15.540       49.475

   TRANSIENT FEA INPUT DATA
For Main Winding:
  Number of Turns: 510
  Parallel Branches: 1
  Terminal Resistance (ohm): 3.4101
  End Leakage Inductance (H): 0.00187281
For Aux. Winding:
  Number of Turns: 1710
  Parallel Branches: 1
  Terminal Resistance (ohm): 70.0329
  End Leakage Inductance (H): 0.0195666
  Starting Capacitance (uF): 0
  Running Capacitance (uF): 6.2674
  Switch Speed (rpm): 0
For Rotor End Ring Between Two Bars of One Side:
  End Ring Resistance (ohm): 7.36217e-006
  End Ring Leakage Inductance (H): 1.9226e-009
  Skew Leakage Inductance (H): 4.51726e-009
2D Equivalent Value:
  Equivalent Air-Gap Length (mm): 44
  Equivalent Stator Stacking Factor: 0.95
  Equivalent Rotor Stacking Factor: 0.95
Estimated Rotor Moment of Inertia (kg m^2): 0.00153379
红色部分在2D中要用到。

hypo_qu · 发表于 2009-1-13 13:55

本帖最后由 hypo_qu 于 2009-2-23 08:34 编辑

输出设置

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hypo_qu · 发表于 2009-1-13 13:57

本帖最后由 hypo_qu 于 2009-2-23 08:37 编辑

开始2D的分析

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hypo_qu · 发表于 2009-1-13 13:58

本帖最后由 hypo_qu 于 2009-2-23 08:51 编辑

分析结果：

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hypo_qu · 发表于 2009-1-13 14:00

本帖最后由 hypo_qu 于 2009-2-23 08:53 编辑

第2个例子是：一个2极单相异步电机，电压230/50，输出功率1200W，n=2800
主绕组数据：φ1　36-35-34-33　　副绕组数据：φ0.75　69-69　　电容：30uF
定子参数：外径128 内径：65 槽形见图：
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转子参数：外径64.2 内径：20.5 槽形见图：
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hypo_qu · 发表于 2009-1-13 14:03

本帖最后由 hypo_qu 于 2009-2-23 08:56 编辑

RM路算

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hypo_qu · 发表于 2009-1-13 14:05

Single-Phase Induction Motor Design
File: d:/ansoft/new.pjt/maxwell/default/80.pjt/80.res
   GENERAL DATA
Rated Output Power (kW): 1.2
Rated Voltage (V): 230
Number of Poles: 2
Frequency (Hz): 50
Rated Speed (rpm): 2800
Friction and Wind Loss (W): 20
Type of Load: Constant Power
Iron Core Length (mm): 85
Stacking Factor of Iron Core: 0.95
Type of Steel: D23-50
Operating Temperature (C): 75
Rotor Position: Inner
Operation mode: Capacitor-Run Mode
Run Capacitance (uF): 30
  & Its Resistance (ohm): 1.06103
Speed-Adjustment mode: No Speed-Adjustment
   STATOR DATA
Number of Stator Slots: 24
Outer Diameter of Stator (mm): 128
Inner Diameter of Stator (mm): 65
Type of Stator Slot: 2
Dimension of Stator Slot
         hs0 (mm): 0.7
         hs1 (mm): 0.7
         hs2 (mm): 8.8
         bs0 (mm): 2.5
         bs1 (mm): 4.6
         bs2 (mm): 7
Top Tooth Width (mm): 4.275
Bottom Tooth Width (mm): 4.17883
Main    Aux.
Type of Coils: 31       31
Coil Position: Top    Bot
Conductor Length Adjustment (mm): 1       1
Number of Parallel Branches: 1       1
Number of Wires per Conductor: 1       1
Number of Conductors per Slot:
         slot # 1: 36       0
         slot # 2: 35       0
         slot # 3: 34       0
         slot # 4: 33       0
         slot # 5: 0       69
         slot # 6: 0       69
Main-Phase Wire Diameter (mm): 1
Aux.-Phase Wire Diameter (mm): 0.75
Main-Phase Wire Wrap (mm): 0.04
Aux.-Phase Wire Wrap (mm): 0.04
Slot Insulation Thickness (mm): 0.2
   ROTOR DATA
Number of Rotor Slots: 28
Air Gap (mm): 0.4
Inner Diameter of Rotor (mm): 20.5
Type of Rotor Slot: 1
Dimension of Rotor Slot
         hr0 (mm): 0.2
         hr01 (mm): 0.2
         hr2 (mm): 7
         br0 (mm): 0.01
         br1 (mm): 3.2
         br2 (mm): 1.62
Cast Rotor: Yes
Number of Vents: 0
Vent Diameter (mm): 0
Vent Location (mm): 0
Skew Width: 1.78
End Length of Bar (mm): 0
Height of End Ring (mm): 8
Width of End Ring (mm): 10
Bar Resistivity (ohm.mm^2/m): 0.0434
End_Ring Resistivity (ohm.mm^2/m): 0.0434

   MATERIAL CONSUMPTION
Armature Copper Density (kg/m^3): 8900
Rotor Bar Material Density (kg/m^3): 2700
Rotor Ring Material Density (kg/m^3): 2700
Armature Core Steel Density (kg/m^3): 7820
Rotor Core Steel Density (kg/m^3): 7820
Main Winding Copper Weight (kg): 0.77054
Auxiliary Winding Copper Weight (kg): 0.53781
Rotor Bar Material Weight (kg): 0.14087
Rotor Ring Material Weight (kg): 0.07573
Armature Core Steel Weight (kg): 4.90095
Rotor Core Steel Weight (kg): 1.44811
Total Net Weight (kg): 7.87401
Armature Core Steel Consumption (kg): 8.74118
Rotor Core Steel Consumption (kg): 2.09539
   RATED OPERATION
Main-Phase Resistance (ohm): 3.04569
Aux.-Phase Resistance (ohm): 6.71852
Main Leakage Reactance (ohm): 2.78084
Aux. Leakage Reactance (ohm): 12.0196
Rotor Resistance (ohm): 4.50975
Rotor Leakage Reactance (ohm): 4.07235
Magnetizing Reactance (ohm): 102.874
Turn Ratio of Aux. to Main-Coil: 1.14829
Stator Line Current (A): 6.46485
Main-Phase Current (A): 3.91137
Aux.-Phase Current (A): 3.51045
Phase Shift between Main
  and Aux. Currents (degrees): 59.7083
Capacitor Voltage (V): 372.471
Capacitor Loss (W): 13.0754
Copper Loss of Stator Winding (W): 129.39
Copper Loss of Rotor Winding (W): 87.7699
Iron-Core Loss (W): 28.1067
Friction & Wind Loss (W): 20.2691
Total Loss (W): 278.611
Input Power (W): 1480.39
Output Power (W): 1201.78
Mechanical Shaft Torque (N.m): 4.08041
Efficiency (%): 81.1799
Power Factor: 0.995611
Rated Slip: 0.0625
Rated Shaft Speed (rpm): 2812.5
   NO-LOAD OPERATION
Main Leakage Reactance (ohm): 2.66747
Aux. Leakage Reactance (ohm): 10.8856
Rotor Leakage Reactance (ohm): 3.26211
Magnetizing Reactance (ohm): 89.6318
No-Load Stator Line Current (A): 1.36217
No-Load Main-Phase Current (A): 2.66139
No-Load Aux.-Phase Current (A): 4.01911
Phase Shift between No-Load Main
  and Aux. Currents (degrees): 179.872
No-Load Iron-Core Loss (W): 32.0877
No-Load Input Power (W): 261.899
No-Load Power Factor: 0.835938
No-Load Slip: 0.00195313
No-Load Shaft Speed (rpm): 2994.14
   BREAK-DOWN OPERATION
Break-Down Slip: 0.24
Break-Down Torque (N.m): 7.23693
Break-Down Torque Ratio: 1.77358
   LOCKED-ROTOR OPERATION
Locked-Rotor Torque (N.m): 1.49643
Locked-Rotor Line Current (A): 22.0941
Locked-Rotor Torque Ratio: 0.366736
Locked-Rotor Current Ratio: 3.41757
Locked-Rotor Main-Phase Current (A): 23.4315
Locked-Rotor Aux.-Phase Current (A): 2.5617
Phase Shift between Locked-Rotor Main
  and Aux. Currents (degrees): 124.608
   DETAILED DATA AT RATED OPERATION
Main Slot Leakage Reactance (ohm): 0.833455
Main End-Winding Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 1.06661
Main Differential Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 0.880776
Aux. Slot Leakage Reactance (ohm): 1.66516
Aux. End-Winding Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 1.54488
Aux. Differential Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 8.80959
Rotor Slot Leakage Reactance (ohm): 1.36093
Rotor End-Winding Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 0.858488
Rotor Differential Leakage
  Reactance (ohm): 0.438575
Skewing Leakage Reactance (ohm): 1.41436
Main-Phase Winding Factor: 0.833992
Aux.-Phase Winding Factor: 0.957662
Stator-Teeth Flux Density (Tesla): 1.57197
Rotor-Teeth Flux Density (Tesla): 1.57501
Stator-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla): 1.40656
Rotor-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla): 1.37917
Air-Gap Flux Density (Tesla): 0.732188
Stator-Teeth Ampere Turns (A.T): 32.287
Rotor-Teeth Ampere Turns (A.T): 27.9977
Stator-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T): 62.7836
Rotor-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T): 7.14508
Air-Gap Ampere Turns (A.T): 293.639
Correction Factor for Magnetic
  Circuit Length of Stator Yoke: 0.564812
Correction Factor for Magnetic
  Circuit Length of Rotor Yoke: 0.296403
Saturation Factor for Teeth: 1.2053
Saturation Factor for Teeth & Yoke: 1.44345
Induced-Voltage Factor: 0.935735
Mean Half-Turn Length of
  Main-Phase Winding (mm): 199.699
Mean Half-Turn Length of
  Aux.-Phase Winding (mm): 247.792
Main Winding Current Density (A/mm^2): 4.98011
Aux. Winding Current Density (A/mm^2): 7.94604
Specific Electric Loading (A/mm): 20.0626
Mean Stator Thermal Load (A^2/mm^3): 128.059
Fill-Factor Thermal-Load
(%)       (A^2/mm^3)
         Slot # 1 64.463       82.417
         Slot # 2 62.672       80.128
         Slot # 3 60.882       77.839
         Slot # 4 59.091       75.549
         Slot # 5 71.292       226.210
         Slot # 6 71.292       226.210

   TRANSIENT FEA INPUT DATA
For Main Winding:
  Number of Turns: 276
  Parallel Branches: 1
  Terminal Resistance (ohm): 3.04569
  End Leakage Inductance (H): 0.00339514
For Aux. Winding:
  Number of Turns: 276
  Parallel Branches: 1
  Terminal Resistance (ohm): 6.71852
  End Leakage Inductance (H): 0.00491751
  Starting Capacitance (uF): 0
  Running Capacitance (uF): 30
  Switch Speed (rpm): 0
For Rotor End Ring Between Two Bars of One Side:
  End Ring Resistance (ohm): 3.05521e-006
  End Ring Leakage Inductance (H): 4.41381e-009
  Skew Leakage Inductance (H): 7.29731e-009
2D Equivalent Value:
  Equivalent Air-Gap Length (mm): 85
  Equivalent Stator Stacking Factor: 0.95
  Equivalent Rotor Stacking Factor: 0.95
Estimated Rotor Moment of Inertia (kg m^2): 0.00110574